The findings of this study which include soil and climate data as well as farms and farmers survey can be utilized to improve crop production in the area and similar areas of the Sudan.Land degradation together with unfavourable management practices has resulted in low sorghum yield. Analysis using SDI and SEI showed that the sorghum cover was highly heterogeneous between farms and within each farm. These findings can be used as guidelines to improve sorghum yield in the gadambalyia schemes in particular and in similar areas in the Sudan.