This book offers readers a collection of chapters presented at the International Conference on Mathematical Sciences and Computing Innovations and Applications (ICMSC 2025), held at the Department of Mathematics, the North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India, from June 26–28, 2025. Chapters cover topics on nonlinear dynamics, fluid mechanics, algebraic structures, graph theory, optimization, computational tools, machine learning, queueing systems, transportation optimization, image processing and epidemiological modeling. It discusses how modern mathematics supports scientific understanding and technological development by blending theoretical insight with practical relevance. Each chapter highlights a different direction in current research from modeling ferrofluid convection and analyzing micropolar flow to studying ring properties, topological structures and entropy measures.

Useful for researchers, educators and graduate students, this book demonstrates how established theories combine with numerical methods to handle complex systems in engineering, physics, computer science and life sciences. Many chapters address emerging areas such as post-quantum structures, reinforcement learning and modern graph algorithms, giving the reader an updated perspective on current research. A key strength of this book is the balance between abstract theory and application. Some chapters focus on structural foundations in algebra and topology, while others present models for crop planning, disease spread, energy systems and charge transport in photovoltaic devices. Overall, this book offers a coherent collection of ideas that reflect the growing role of mathematical modeling, computation and analysis in shaping scientific inquiry and technological progress.