Real-life decisions are usually made in the state of uncertainty (randomness, fuzziness, roughness, etc. ). How do we model optimization problems in uncertain environments? How do we solve these models? In order to answer these questions, this book provides a self-contained, comprehensive and up-to-date presentation of uncertain programming theory. It includes numerous modeling ideas, hybrid intelligent algorithms, and various applications in transportation problem, inventory system, facility location & allocation, capital budgeting, topological optimization, vehicle routing problem, redundancy optimization, and scheduling. Researchers, practitioners and students in operations research, management science, information science, system science, and engineering will find this work a stimulating and useful reference.