By 2050, the global population of humans is predicted to increase by 35%. Approximately 70% more food may be required, and this will take place against a backdrop of 15-40% land degradation. This book examines land use intensification and biodiversity conservation and its impacts. It also discusses whether suites of species, and/or functional groups of taxa will either benefit or suffer from land use intensification and whether it is possible to make robust predictions of biotic responses across landscapes, regions, and continents.