This book offers a comprehensive exploration of advanced methods and technologies for sustainable aviation and surface transport, featuring contributions from leading experts presented at the Special Technology Sessions (STS) of the ECCOMAS Congress 2024 in Lisbon. It covers a wide range of topics, including cutting-edge computational methods, multidisciplinary design and optimization, drag reduction, and advanced CFD applications, all aimed at supporting climate-neutral transport systems. This book also highlights EU-funded research, disruptive technologies, and the latest advancements in industrial simulations, providing a valuable overview of current trends and future directions in greening aeronautics and surface transport.