This work shows how to use high-level synthesis techniques to cope with the stringent timing requirements of complex high-throughput real-time signal and data processing. It describes the state-of-the-art in architectural synthesis for complex high-throughput real-time processing. The synthesis approach used in this book targets an architecture style or an application domain. This approach is thus heavily application-driven and this is illustrated in the book by several realistic demonstration examples used throughout. The author focuses on domains where application-specific high-speed solutions are attractive such as significant parts of audio, telecom, instrumentation, speech, robotics, medical and automotive processing, image and video processing, TV, multi-media, radar, sonar, etc. Moreover, it addresses mainly the steps above the traditional scheduling and allocation tasks which focus on scalar operations and data.