Drawn from the recently published Nanomaterials Handbook, Carbon Nanomaterials examines the special properties and practical synthesis for numerous carbon-based nanomaterials in the context of commercially available nanomaterials, emerging technologies, and future applications including composite materials, hydrogen storage media, electrodes in batteries, supercapacitors, and field-emitting devices. It emphasizes the the importance of nanotexture and surface chemistry in various modification methods used to customize properties for a wide range of applications and draws attention to challenges that must be addressed before they are fully integrated into the next generation of science and engineering applications.