Contract Law and Its Application, Ninth Edition introduces first year law students to common law reasoning, legal interpretation, lawyering and legal institutions, through basic American contract law, presented in relatively brief free-standing units that may be sequenced as the instructor prefers. It focuses on contract interpretation as a primary means to resolve a wide range of doctrinal and practical contract problems. The Ninth Edition's core remains the full traditional canon of American contract law: the classic common law cases, UCC Article 2 (Sales) and the Restatement, Second, Contracts, in each case with updated and current questions and notes emphasizing the application of that doctrine in the 21st century. The Ninth Edition highlights the expanding use of arbitration clauses in both commercial and consumer contracts, and the ferment in restitution law reflected in recent academic work and the promulgation of the Restatement, Third, Restitution. In addition, the Ninth Edition includes a new Appendix II providing easy reference to all relevant sections of the Restatement, Second, Contracts, and carries forward the Eighth Edition's Appendix I with the relevant sections of the UCC, thus obviating students' need for a statutory supplement. As with prior editions, the Ninth Edition includes comparative law materials, indicating alternative approaches to common problems in other legal systems.