The arrival in 2015 and 2016 of over one million asylum seekers and refugees in Germany had major social consequences and gave rise to extensive debate about the nature of cultural diversity and collective life. This volume examines the responses and implications of what was widely seen as the most major and contested social change since reunification. It combines in-depth studies based on anthropological fieldwork with analyses of the longer trajectories of migration and social change, and its original analyses have significance not only for Germany but also for the understanding of diversity and difference in a wider sense.