This book provides an overview of the overall progress of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, analyzes the challenges faced by countries around the world in a new period of turbulence and change, and proposes an overall approach and main path for global cooperation to address development challenges. The report focuses on the key challenges to the global development in 2024 which is explored under the context of a turbulent and changing world. It provides a systematic analysis and recommendations on global cooperation in the seven areas: green and low-carbon development, global industrial and supply chains, global digital transformation, global poverty reduction, global food security, global health and financing for development.